Sambo is a Russian martial art and combat sport that was developed in the early 1920s by the Soviet Red Army to improve their hand-to-hand combat abilities. Intended to be a merger of the most effective techniques of other martial arts, Sambo has roots in Japanese judo, international styles of wrestling, plus traditional folk styles of wrestling such as: Armenian Kokh, Azerbaijani Gulesh, Georgian Chidaoba, Kazakh Kures, Mongolian Khapsagay, Kyrgyz Kurosh, Tatar Köräş, and Uzbek Kurash.
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The word "SAMBO" is an acronym for SAMozashchita Bez Oruzhiya, which literally translates as "self-defense without weapons".